Does What They See Affect How They React:
Exploring the Effects of Victim and Neutral Photographs on Reactions to Crisis Events
By W. Timothy Coombs and Sherry J. Holladay
An experiment has been designed to test the effects of photographs on crisis perceptions with the following hypothesis: Participants in the victim photograph (vs. neutral or no visual) condition will attribute greater responsibility, report a lower reputation score, report greater anger, and be more willing to engage in negativie word-of-mouth. The paper elaborates on the rationale and design of the study.

How Multiple Competitive Organizations Cope with the Same Crisis:
A Case Study of Rice Cooker Explosion in South Korea
By Chang Dae Ham
The present study attempts to explore how multiple competitive organizations cope with the same crisis and how an organization's crisis management influenced the others' crisis stances and strategies. By using qualitative case study of modified framing analysis, this study analyzed 15 contextually important news stories which were selected from the Korean Integrated News Database System.

From Terrorism to Tornadoes:
The Roles of P.R. and Media in Crisis Communication
By Nancy Van Leuven
This paper analyzes how key opinion leaders, PR practitioners, and educators are attempting to reach many internal and external audiences, including media and the community. Using K-12 schools as a focal point of case studies, the authors use a modified standard model for public relations and communications assessment - the RACE (Research, Action, Communication, Evaluation) framework - to expand theory development.

Final Stage Development of the Integrated Crisis Mapping (ICM) Model in Crisis Communication:
The Myth of Low Engagement in Crisis
By Augustine Pang, Yan Jin and Glen T. Cameron
Extending current theories in crisis communication, the authors have developed a new model called the Integrated Crisis Mapping model (ICM) aimed at understanding the diverse and varied emotions likely to be experienced by the key stakeholders in crises. Dominant emotions in the ICM model are extrapolated on two continua, the publics' coping strategy and the level of organizational engagement.

From Strategic Management to Policy Consensus in a Health-related Crisis:
An Analysis of the National Salmonella Outbreak in the United States
By Hyojung Park and Hyehyun Hong
Despite growing attention to understanding those dynamics in strategic management of crises, little research has been conducted on health-related crises using the contingency theory. This study seeks to shed more light on the application of contingency theory in health-related crises by analyzing the recent crisis of salmonella=tainted tomatoes, which was the largest food-borne illness outbreak in the past 10 years.

Public Relations in High Profile Family Crisis Situations
By Kenneth D. Plowman and Liliya Velbovets
The audience-interaction family crisis model was developed for handling family crises communication that can help the public relations professionals that deal with similar critical situations. The author(s) believe that this is an important model that will help forward public relations theory and practice as it applies to crisis communication involving families in the media focus.

Friend vs. Foe: Viewing the Media as a Partner in Crisis Response
By Shari Veil
This essay focuses on crisis cases in which the media has acted effectively as a first responder. The examples provide context for the argument for media to be seen as partners, not as adversaries in the crisis response. Specifically, public relations practitioners should work with the media as an information resource, resource manager, public safety official and public advocate.

Promoting Violence: Terror Management Theory and Campus Safety Campaigns
By Kelly Mitchell & Shari R. Veil
This essay proposes that school shootings, in most cases, relate very closely to terrorist activities. Terror management theory can provide us with a better understanding of school violence by illuminating how campus safety campaigns focusing on reducing optimistic bias could have the potential to increase mortality salience and anxiety in individuals who feel like cultural outcasts.

Production Processes Go South, Plant Closure Processes Underway, Remediation in Progress: Relationship Management Theory Applied to a Potential Crisis Situation
By Ann D. Jabro and Rainier Domalski
This research paper highlights the 10 principles of relationship management that an international chemical manufacturing company, with production ties in Germany and the United States, had employed for close to 10 years to establish and maintain two-way symmetrical relationships built on trust and accommodation with key publics in the community in which it operated.